1.1.1 Binary systems

RECOGNISE THE USE OF BINARY NUMBERS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS
COMPUTER SYSTEMS USE BINARY BECAUSE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL BUILD OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM. A COMPUTER IS MADE UP OF TINY SWITCHES, SO IT IS EITHER ON OR OFF, IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS ON IS REPRESENTED BY 1’S WHILE OFF IS REPRESENTED BY 0’S. 

CONVERT POSITIVE DENARY INTEGERS INTO BINARY AND POSITIVE BINARY INTEGERS INTO DENARY 
 
YOU CAN USE THE TABLE TO CONVERT BETWEEN DENARY AND BINARY (WORKS FOR BOTH WAYS)

SHOW UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF A BYTE AND HOW THE BYTE IS USED TO MEASURE MEMORY SIZE 

A BYTE IS 8 BITS, AND A BYTE CAN BE USED TO MEASURE FILE SIZE. 1 BYTE IS NORMALLY USED TO STORE ONE INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER IN TEXT. ALSO NOTE IF IT IS STORED IN A WORD DOCUMENT, THERE IS NORMALLY AN OVERHEAD OF ABOUT 10% OF THE TOTAL FILE SIZE, OR ABOUT 14KB. THERE IS NO OVERHEAD FOR A PLAIN TEXT FILE.

2048	1024	512	256	128	64	32	16	8	4	2	1
Place the 1’s and 0’s in the order to calculate the denary (by adding up the top with the 1’s). When converting to denary to binary, if you can subtract the denary number at the top, add a 1 if you can’t add a 0, the final result is the binary value.

Name of memory size	Number of bits	Equivalent denary value
1 Kilobyte (1 KB)	210	1024 bytes
1 Megabyte (1 MB)	220	1 048 576 bytes
1 Gigabyte (1 GB)	230	1 073 741 824 bytes
1 Terabyte (1 TB)	240	1 099 511 627 776 bytes
1 Petabyte (1PB)	250	1 125 899 906 842 624 bytes

USE BINARY IN COMPUTER REGISTERS FOR A GIVEN APPLICATION (SUCH AS IN ROBOTICS, DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS AND COUNTING SYSTEMS)
BINARY MAY BE USED FOR THINGS LIKE REGISTERS, WHERE CERTAIN BINARY DIGITS CONTROL A SPECIFIC THING. (LOOK AT TEXTBOOK PG. 5)